const routes: Array< RouteRecordRaw > = [
{
path: ‘/’,
name: ‘Home’,
component: Home,
},
{
path: ‘/about’,
name: ‘About’,
component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName: “about” */ ‘…/views/About.vue’)
}
];
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(process.env.BASE_URL),
routes
});
export default router;
扩展路由额外属性
在实际项目开发中，常常会遇到这么一个场景，某一个路由是不需要渲染到侧边栏导航上的，此时我们可以给该路由添加一个hidden属性来实现。
在ts的强类型约束下，添加额外属性就会报错，那么我们就需要扩展RouteRecordRaw类型。
// 联合类型
type RouteConfig = RouteRecordRaw & {hidden?: boolean}; //hidden 是可选属性
const routes: Array = [
{
path: ‘/’,
name: ‘Home’,
component: Home,
hidden: true,
meta: {
permission: true,
icon: ‘’
}
}
];
在setup中使用
需要导入useRouter创建一个router实例。
vuex
使用this.$store
import { createStore } from ‘vuex’;
export type State = {
count: number
}
export default createStore({
state: {
count: 0
}
});
需要创建一个声明文件vuex.d.ts
// vuex.d.ts
import {ComponentCustomProperties} from ‘vue’;
import {Store} from ‘vuex’;
import {State} from ‘./store’
declare module ‘@vue/runtime-core’ {
interface ComponentCustomProperties {
$store: Store
}
}
在setup中使用
定义InjecktionKey
在安装插件时传入key
在使用useStore时传入
import { InjectionKey } from ‘vue’;
import { createStore, Store } from ‘vuex’;
export type State = {
count: number
}
// 创建一个injectionKey
export const key: InjectionKey<Store> = Symbol(‘key’);
// main.ts
import store, { key } from ‘./store’;
app.use(store, key);
模块
新增一个todo模块。导入的模块，需要是一个vuex中的interface Module的对象,接收两个泛型约束，第一个是该模块类型，第二个是根模块类型。
// modules/todo.ts
import { Module } from ‘vuex’;
import { State } from ‘…/index.ts’;
type Todo = {
id: number,
name: string,
completed: boolean
}
const initialState = {
todos: [] as Todo[]
};
export type TodoState = typeof initialState;
export default {
namespaced: true,
state: initialState,
mutations: {
addTodo (state, payload: Todo) {
state.todos.push(payload);
}
}
} as Module<TodoState, State>; //Module<S, R> S 该模块类型 R根模块类型
// index.ts
export type State = {
count: number,
todo?: TodoState // 这里必须是可选，不然state会报错
}
export default createStore({
state: {
count: 0
}
modules: {
todo
}
});
使用：
setup () {
console.log(store.state.todo?.todos);
}
elementPlus
yarn add element-plus
完整引入
import { createApp } from ‘vue’
import ElementPlus from ‘element-plus’;import ‘element-plus/lib/theme-chalk/index.css’;import App from ‘./App.vue’;
import ‘dayjs/locale/zh-cn’
import locale from ‘element-plus/lib/locale/lang/zh-cn’
const app = createApp(App)
app.use(ElementPlus, { size: ‘small’, zIndex: 3000, locale })
app.mount(‘#app’)
按需加载
需要安装babel-plugin-component插件:
yarn add babel-plugin-component -D
// babel.config.js
plugins: [
[收起
‘component’,
{
libraryName: ‘element-plus’,
styleLibraryName: ‘theme-chalk’
}
]
]
import ‘element-plus/lib/theme-chalk/index.css’;
import ‘dayjs/locale/zh-cn’;
import locale from ‘element-plus/lib/locale’;
import lang from ‘element-plus/lib/locale/lang/zh-cn’;
import {
ElAside,
ElButton,
ElButtonGroup,
} from ‘element-plus’;
const components: any[] = [
ElAside,
ElButton,
ElButtonGroup,
];
const plugins:any[] = [
ElLoading,
ElMessage,
ElMessageBox,
ElNotification
];
const element = (app: any):any => {
// 国际化
locale.use(lang);
// 全局配置
app.config.globalProperties.$ELEMENT = { size: ‘small’ };
components.forEach(component => {
app.component(component.name, component);
});
plugins.forEach(plugin => {
app.use(plugin);
});
};
export default element;
// main.ts
import element from ‘./plugin/elemment’
const app = createApp(App);
element(app);
axios
axios的安装使用和vue2上没有什么大的区别，如果需要做一些扩展属性，还是需要声明一个新的类型。
type Config = AxiosRequestConfig & {successNotice? : boolean, errorNotice? : boolean}
import axios, { AxiosResponse, AxiosRequestConfig } from ‘axios’;
import { ElMessage } from ‘element-plus’;
const instance = axios.create({
baseURL: process.env.VUE_APP_API_BASE_URL || ‘’,
timeout: 120 * 1000,
withCredentials: true
});
// 错误处理
const err = (error) => {
if (error.message.includes(‘timeout’)) {
ElMessage({
message: ‘请求超时，请刷新网页重试’,
type: ‘error’
});
}
if (error.response) {
const data = error.response.data;
if (error.response.status === 403) {
ElMessage({
message: ‘Forbidden’,
type: ‘error’
});
}
if (error.response.status === 401) {
ElMessage({
message: ‘Unauthorized’,
type: ‘error’
});
}
}
return Promise.reject(error);
};
type Config = AxiosRequestConfig & {successNotice? : boolean, errorNotice? : boolean}
// 请求拦截
instance.interceptors.request.use((config: Config) => {
config.headers[‘Access-Token’] = localStorage.getItem(‘token’) || ‘’;
return config;
}, err);
// 响应拦截
instance.interceptors.response.use((response: AxiosResponse) => {
const config: Config = response.config;
const code = Number(response.data.status);
if (code === 200) {
if (config && config.successNotice) {
ElMessage({
message: response.data.msg,
type: ‘success’
});
}
return response.data;
} else {
let errCode = [402, 403];
if (errCode.includes(response.data.code)) {
ElMessage({
message: response.data.msg,
type: ‘warning’
});
}
}
}, err);
export default instance;
setup script
官方提供了一个实验性的写法，直接在script里面写setup的内容，即：setup script。
之前我们写组件是这样的：
