目录
一.运行效果
二.使用说明
三.完整代码
四.代码讲解
1.按钮类:
2.游戏前选择游戏难度界面:
2.1显示游戏名称、不同难度按钮、开始游戏按钮:
2.2难度选择时动画:
3.游戏界面历史最高分显示:
4.游戏结束界面:
4.1本局游戏分数、历史最高分数显示:
4.2退出游戏和再玩一次功能实现:
五.总结
本文的贪吃蛇小游戏根据从零开始用 Python 打造经典贪吃蛇游戏:代码+详解_pygame贪吃蛇游戏代码-CSDN博客进行改进优化,在原有的基础功能上增加了通过界面按钮可选择难度、历史最高分显示、结束游戏可选择继续游戏等功能,进一步优化了小游戏的体验感受。
一.运行效果
游戏开始界面:
游戏界面:
游戏结束界面:
二.使用说明
首先我们打开Pycharm,没有安装的小伙伴可以看这个安装教程。新建一个项目,在项目里新建一个main.py文件,再把完整代码粘贴到main.py文件中,注意:
①.在终端输入以下命令安装pygame库:
pip install pygame
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②.修改第31行的save_path为“你项目的地址/score.txt”;
再运行main.py即可。
三.完整代码
话不多少,直接上完整代码:
import pygame import random import os import sys # 初始化 pygame pygame.init() # 屏幕大小 WIDTH, HEIGHT = 600, 400 CELL_SIZE = 20 # 定义颜色 WHITE = (255, 255, 255) BLACK = (0, 0, 0) RED = (255, 0, 0) GREEN = (0, 255, 0) TURQUOISE=(187,255,255) CYAN=(0,229,238) CYANA=(0,255,255) # 创建屏幕 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') # 初始化时钟 clock = pygame.time.Clock() #最高分保存地址 save_path = 'D:/pycharm/project/test/score.txt' #按钮类 class Button: def __init__(self, text, x, y, width, height, font_size, font_color): self.text = text self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height) self.font = pygame.font.Font(None, font_size) self.text_surf = self.font.render(self.text, True, font_color) self.text_rect = self.text_surf.get_rect(center=self.rect.center) def draw(self, screenn,bg_color): pygame.draw.rect(screenn, bg_color, self.rect) screen.blit(self.text_surf, self.text_rect) def is_clicked(self, pos): if self.rect.collidepoint(pos): return True #创建按钮 play_again_button = Button('Play Again', WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 + 70, 200, 50, 30, WHITE) game_over_button = Button('Exit', WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 + 20, 200, 50, 30, WHITE) easy_button = Button('Easy', WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 - 50, 200, 30, 30, WHITE) common_button = Button('Common', WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 -20, 200, 30, 30, WHITE) difficult_button = Button('Diffcult', WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 +10, 200, 30, 30, WHITE) play_button = Button('play', WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 +50, 200, 50, 30, WHITE) def draw_snake(snake_body): """绘制蛇的身体""" for segment in snake_body: pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, pygame.Rect(segment[0], segment[1], CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)) def show_message(text, color, size, position): """显示信息""" font = pygame.font.Font(None, size) message = font.render(text, True, color) screen.blit(message, position) def game(): #初始化本局得分和最高纪录 score=0 maxscore=0 # 检查score文件是否存在 if not os.path.exists(save_path): with open(save_path, 'w'): pass else: try: with open(save_path, 'r') as file: maxscore = int(file.read().strip()) except ValueError: maxscore = 0 except FileNotFoundError: maxscore = 0 #选择游戏难度界面 rundevel = True nodickdevel = True SCR = 3 while rundevel: screen.fill(BLACK) show_message("Greedy Snake", RED, 50, (WIDTH // 2 - 110, HEIGHT // 2 - 130)) easy_button.draw(screen,TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen,TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen,TURQUOISE) play_button.draw(screen,GREEN) pygame.display.flip() if nodickdevel == True: if easy_button.is_clicked(pygame.mouse.get_pos()): easy_button.draw(screen, CYAN) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif common_button.is_clicked(pygame.mouse.get_pos()): easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, CYAN) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif difficult_button.is_clicked(pygame.mouse.get_pos()): easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, CYAN) pygame.display.flip() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: if easy_button.is_clicked(event.pos): SCR =0 movespeed=4 nodickdevel=False elif common_button.is_clicked(event.pos): SCR=1 movespeed=7 nodickdevel = False elif difficult_button.is_clicked(event.pos): SCR=2 movespeed = 10 nodickdevel = False elif play_button.is_clicked(event.pos) and (SCR==0 or SCR==1 or SCR==2): rundevel=False if SCR==0: easy_button.draw(screen, CYANA) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif SCR==1: easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, CYANA) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif SCR==2: easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, CYANA) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(30) # 初始化蛇 snake_pos = [100, 40] # 蛇头初始位置 snake_body = [[100, 40], [80, 40], [60, 40]] # 蛇身体 direction = 'RIGHT' # 蛇头初始方向 change_to = direction # 初始化食物 food_pos = [random.randrange(1, WIDTH // CELL_SIZE) * CELL_SIZE, random.randrange(1, HEIGHT // CELL_SIZE) * CELL_SIZE] food_spawn = True #游戏进行界面 running = True while running: # 监听按键事件 for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_UP and direction != 'DOWN': change_to = 'UP' elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and direction != 'UP': change_to = 'DOWN' elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and direction != 'RIGHT': change_to = 'LEFT' elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and direction != 'LEFT': change_to = 'RIGHT' direction = change_to # 更新蛇头位置 if direction == 'UP': snake_pos[1] -= CELL_SIZE elif direction == 'DOWN': snake_pos[1] += CELL_SIZE elif direction == 'LEFT': snake_pos[0] -= CELL_SIZE elif direction == 'RIGHT': snake_pos[0] += CELL_SIZE # 增加蛇头 snake_body.insert(0, list(snake_pos)) # 检测是否吃到食物 if snake_pos == food_pos: score += 10 # 更新分数 food_spawn = False else: snake_body.pop() # 刷新食物位置 if not food_spawn: food_pos = [random.randrange(1, WIDTH // CELL_SIZE) * CELL_SIZE, random.randrange(1, HEIGHT // CELL_SIZE) * CELL_SIZE] food_spawn = True # 游戏结束条件 if ( snake_pos[0] < 0 or snake_pos[0] >= WIDTH or snake_pos[1] < 0 or snake_pos[1] >= HEIGHT ): running = False # 检测蛇是否碰到自己 for block in snake_body[1:]: if snake_pos == block: running = False # 绘制屏幕 screen.fill(BLACK) draw_snake(snake_body) pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, pygame.Rect(food_pos[0], food_pos[1], CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)) show_message(f'Score: {score}', WHITE, 20, (10, 10)) # 确保每次循环都更新分数显示 show_message(f'Max_score: {maxscore}', WHITE, 20, (490, 10)) pygame.display.update() clock.tick(movespeed) #游戏结束界面 run=True while run: # 游戏结束信息 if score>maxscore: with open(save_path, 'w') as file: file.write(str(score)) screen.fill(BLACK) show_message("Game Over!", RED, 50, (WIDTH // 2 - 110, HEIGHT // 2 - 130)) show_message(f"Your Score: {score}", WHITE, 30, (WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 -80)) show_message(f"History MaxScore: {maxscore}", WHITE, 30, (WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2-30)) play_again_button.draw(screen,GREEN) game_over_button.draw(screen,RED) pygame.display.flip() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: if play_again_button.is_clicked(event.pos): game() run=False if game_over_button.is_clicked(event.pos): pygame.quit() run=False if __name__ == "__main__": game()
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四.代码讲解
1.按钮类:
增加按钮类,用于按钮创建,定义显示按钮函数draw和检查点是否在按钮內函数is_clicked。
class Button: def __init__(self, text, x, y, width, height, font_size, font_color): self.text = text self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height) self.font = pygame.font.Font(None, font_size) self.text_surf = self.font.render(self.text, True, font_color) self.text_rect = self.text_surf.get_rect(center=self.rect.center) def draw(self, screenn,bg_color): pygame.draw.rect(screenn, bg_color, self.rect) screen.blit(self.text_surf, self.text_rect) def is_clicked(self, pos): if self.rect.collidepoint(pos): return True
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2.游戏前选择游戏难度界面:
2.1显示游戏名称、不同难度按钮、开始游戏按钮:
show_message("Greedy Snake", RED, 50, (WIDTH // 2 - 110, HEIGHT // 2 - 130))
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easy_button.draw(screen,TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen,TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen,TURQUOISE)
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play_button.draw(screen,GREEN)
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2.2难度选择时动画:
效果一:当鼠标移到难度按钮上时,鼠标所在按钮背景颜色加深。nodickdevel用于实现鼠标点击某个难度按钮后再移动鼠标时,不会产生效果一。
if easy_button.is_clicked(pygame.mouse.get_pos()): easy_button.draw(screen, CYAN) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif common_button.is_clicked(pygame.mouse.get_pos()): easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, CYAN) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif difficult_button.is_clicked(pygame.mouse.get_pos()): easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, CYAN) pygame.display.flip()
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效果二:当鼠标点击不同难度按钮时,该难度按钮背景颜色锁定。SCR用于实现锁定后的按钮背景颜色显示;movespeed用于控制游戏时屏幕刷新快慢,即蛇移动快慢;
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: if easy_button.is_clicked(event.pos): SCR =0 movespeed=4 nodickdevel=False elif common_button.is_clicked(event.pos): SCR=1 movespeed=7 nodickdevel = False elif difficult_button.is_clicked(event.pos): SCR=2 movespeed = 10 nodickdevel = False elif play_button.is_clicked(event.pos) and (SCR==0 or SCR==1 or SCR==2): rundevel=False
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if SCR==0: easy_button.draw(screen, CYANA) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif SCR==1: easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, CYANA) difficult_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) pygame.display.flip() elif SCR==2: easy_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) common_button.draw(screen, TURQUOISE) difficult_button.draw(screen, CYANA) pygame.display.flip()
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3.游戏界面历史最高分显示:
show_message(f'Max_score: {maxscore}', WHITE, 20, (490, 10))
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4.游戏结束界面:
4.1本局游戏分数、历史最高分数显示:
show_message(f"Your Score: {score}", WHITE, 30, (WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 -80)) show_message(f"History MaxScore: {maxscore}", WHITE, 30, (WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2-30))
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4.2退出游戏和再玩一次功能实现:
此处逻辑很清晰,点击退出游戏直接全部退出,点击再玩一次再次运行游戏总函数game()。
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: if play_again_button.is_clicked(event.pos): game() run=False if game_over_button.is_clicked(event.pos): pygame.quit() run=False
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五.总结
通过本次对贪吃蛇游戏的改进和优化,提升了游戏的可玩性和趣味性,为玩家带来更加丰富和多样的游戏体验。如果你也对这款游戏感兴趣,不妨自己动手尝试一下,相信你会在编程的过程中找到无尽的乐趣和成就感!