使用nvm管理nodejs环境
先安装nvm，npm，再用nvm指令下载nodejs，可以安装多个版本，使用时再按需切换。
1、nodejs版本下载
附加与npm版本的对应关系表：
Node.js — Previous Releases
绿色版不需安装，下载之后解压到node文件夹即可
2、npm版本下载
CNPM Binaries Mirror
npm | Home
Looking for latest release of a version branch?
| Node.js Version | Codename | Release Date | npm | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| v21.6.1 | - | 2024-01-22 | v10.2.4 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v20.11.0 | Iron | 2024-01-09 | v10.2.4 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v19.9.0 | - | 2023-04-10 | v9.6.3 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v18.19.0 | Hydrogen | 2023-11-29 | v10.2.3 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v17.9.1 | - | 2022-06-01 | v8.11.0 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v16.20.2 | Gallium | 2023-08-08 | v8.19.4 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v15.14.0 | - | 2021-04-06 | v7.7.6 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v14.21.3 | Fermium | 2023-02-16 | v6.14.18 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v13.14.0 | - | 2020-04-29 | v6.14.4 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v12.22.12 | Erbium | 2022-04-05 | v6.14.16 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v11.15.0 | - | 2019-04-30 | v6.7.0 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v10.24.1 | Dubnium | 2021-04-06 | v6.14.12 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v9.11.2 | - | 2018-06-12 | v5.6.0 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v8.17.0 | Carbon | 2019-12-17 | v6.13.4 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v7.10.1 | - | 2017-07-11 | v4.2.0 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v6.17.1 | Boron | 2019-04-03 | v3.10.10 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v5.12.0 | - | 2016-06-23 | v3.8.6 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v4.9.1 | Argon | 2018-03-29 | v2.15.11 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
| v0.12.18 | - | 2017-02-22 | v2.15.11 | ReleasesChangelogDocs |
使用nvm list available指令获取可以安装的nodejs，选择需要的版本安装即可。
C:\Users>nvm list available
| CURRENT | LTS | OLD STABLE | OLD UNSTABLE |
|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| 23.0.0 | 20.18.0 | 0.12.18 | 0.11.16 |
| 22.10.0 | 20.17.0 | 0.12.17 | 0.11.15 |
| 22.9.0 | 20.16.0 | 0.12.16 | 0.11.14 |
| 22.8.0 | 20.15.1 | 0.12.15 | 0.11.13 |
| 22.7.0 | 20.15.0 | 0.12.14 | 0.11.12 |
| 22.6.0 | 20.14.0 | 0.12.13 | 0.11.11 |
| 22.5.1 | 20.13.1 | 0.12.12 | 0.11.10 |
| 22.5.0 | 20.13.0 | 0.12.11 | 0.11.9 |
| 22.4.1 | 20.12.2 | 0.12.10 | 0.11.8 |
| 22.4.0 | 20.12.1 | 0.12.9 | 0.11.7 |
| 22.3.0 | 20.12.0 | 0.12.8 | 0.11.6 |
| 22.2.0 | 20.11.1 | 0.12.7 | 0.11.5 |
| 22.1.0 | 20.11.0 | 0.12.6 | 0.11.4 |
| 22.0.0 | 20.10.0 | 0.12.5 | 0.11.3 |
| 21.7.3 | 20.9.0 | 0.12.4 | 0.11.2 |
| 21.7.2 | 18.20.4 | 0.12.3 | 0.11.1 |
| 21.7.1 | 18.20.3 | 0.12.2 | 0.11.0 |
| 21.7.0 | 18.20.2 | 0.12.1 | 0.9.12 |
| 21.6.2 | 18.20.1 | 0.12.0 | 0.9.11 |
| 21.6.1 | 18.20.0 | 0.10.48 | 0.9.10 |
This is a partial list. For a complete list, visit https://nodejs.org/en/download/releases
C:\Users>nvm install 16.19.1
Downloading node.js version 16.19.1 (64-bit)...
Extracting node and npm...
Complete
npm v8.19.3 installed successfully.
Installation complete. If you want to use this version, type
nvm use 16.19.1
C:\Users>nvm install 18.20.4
Downloading node.js version 18.20.4 (64-bit)...
Extracting node and npm...
Complete
npm v10.7.0 installed successfully.
Installation complete. If you want to use this version, type
nvm use 18.20.4
C:\Users>nvm install 20.18.0
Downloading node.js version 20.18.0 (64-bit)...
Extracting node and npm...
Complete
npm v10.8.2 installed successfully.
Installation complete. If you want to use this version, type
nvm use 20.18.0
C:\Users>nvm ls
20.18.0
18.20.4
16.19.1
C:\Users>nvm use 18.20.4
Now using node v18.20.4 (64-bit)
C:\Users>nvm ls
20.18.0
* 18.20.4 (Currently using 64-bit executable)
16.19.1
C:\Users>
执行 nvm ls 指令后显示当前和可选择的nodejs环境
16.20.2
12.22.12
* 11.15.0 (Currently using 64-bit executable)
10.24.1
8.7.0
对应文件夹截图，注意环境变量NPM_HOME（npm）、NVM_HOME（nvm）、NVM_SYMLINK（nodejs）的配置：
使用nvm use v8.7.0使用对应node版本环境即可
3、nvm 切换国内镜像
如果下载 node 过慢或者安装失败，请更换国内镜像源, 在 nvm 的安装路径下，找到 settings.txt文件，设置node_mirror与npm_mirror为国内镜像地址。
在文件末尾加入：
阿里云镜像
bash
node_mirror: https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node/
npm_mirror: https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/npm/腾讯云镜像
bash
node_mirror: http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/npm/
npm_mirror: http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/nodejs-release/命令行切换(注意：请切换国内镜像后再安装 node 版本，否则会很慢)
参见：
nvm 切换国内镜像 | NVM
